Learn about
Melanoma
Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that develops from melanocytes, the cells that produce melanin, the pigment responsible for the color of your skin. Melanoma can also occur in other parts of the body where melanocytes are found, such as the eyes (ocular melanoma) and mucous membranes.
Melanoma is is more likely to spread to other parts of the body if not detected and treated early. It can occur anywhere on the body, including areas that are not exposed to the sun.
Melanomas often appear as asymmetrical moles or lesions with irregular borders, varied colors (shades of brown, black, blue, red, or white), and a larger diameter than typical moles. They may also change in size, shape, or color over time and may itch, bleed, or become painful.
Regular skin self-examinations and professional skin screenings are important for detecting melanoma in its early stages. Protecting your skin from UV radiation, avoiding tanning beds, and practicing sun safety measures can also help reduce the risk of developing melanoma.
The ABCDE rule is a mnemonic used to help identify potential signs of melanoma, aiding in early detection. Here's what each letter stands for:
A - Asymmetry: One half of the mole or lesion does not match the other half in size, shape, or color.
B - Border irregularity: The edges of the mole are uneven, ragged, notched, or blurred, rather than smooth and well-defined.
C - Color variation: The mole exhibits various shades of brown, black, blue, red, or white, or it may have areas that appear different from the rest of the mole.
D - Diameter: The diameter of the mole is larger than the size of a pencil eraser (6 mm), though melanomas can sometimes be smaller.
E - Evolving: The mole changes in size, shape, color, or elevation, or it develops new symptoms such as itching, bleeding, or crusting.
If you notice any of these signs or changes in a mole or lesion on your skin, it's important to consult a board-certified dermatologist for further evaluation. Early detection and treatment of melanoma greatly improve the chances of successful outcomes.
